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Boundaries and demarcation: delimiting and securing Lebanon’s borders

Positive peace for Lebanon: reconciliation, reform and resilience
Jul 2012
General Nizar Kader explores challenges relating to Lebanon’s borders, specifically demarcation of disputed areas like the Chebaa Farms, as well as delineating maritime boundaries in view of recent discoveries of natural gas reserves in the eastern Mediterranean. He describes how porous and disputed borders serve as pretexts for political violence or as channels for illicit arms transfers.

Conclusion: consolidating peace

Consolidating peace: Liberia and Sierra Leone
Mar 2012
This conclusion to Accord 23 makes suggestions for peacebuilding policy and practice. It argues that peacebuilding policy needs to concentrate more on people, and building relationships between communities, and between communities and the state.

People's peacemaking perspectives: Liberia et Sierra Leone - Synthèse

Nov 2011
Depuis la conclusion officielle des conflits à la Sierra Leone et au Liberia, les deux pays font des progrès. Pourtant, le conflit persiste aux deux pays dans des formes à la fois familiales et nouvelles. Cette synthèse représentent un assortiment des thèmes proéminents relatif à la construction de la paix qui ont sorti d’ateliers et d’entretiens effectués à la Sierra Leone et au Liberia avec la société civile, les représentants communautaires et une variété d’acteurs supplémentaires.

Paz sin fronteras: propuestas para conflictos que cruzan fronteras: Resumen

Feb 2011
Este resumen ejecutivo de la revista Accord (no.22) invita a un análisis y unas respuestas diferenciales para construir la paz en los conflictos que cruzan fronteras.

Section introduction - building peace below the state: cross-border trade and natural resources

Paix sans frontières: building peace across borders
Jan 2011
Diana Klein describes how economic or environmental cooperation across borders in pursuit of a shared goal can open trade channels that contribute to building trust, or establish interdependencies that provide incentives for cooperation and increase the costs of war.

Trade, development and peacebuilding in the African Great Lakes

Paix sans frontières: building peace across borders
Jan 2011
Nicholas Garret and Laura Seay argue that while mineral extraction and trade is often portrayed as the driver of regional violence in eastern DRC, weak governance is in fact to blame and efforts to suppress the mineral trade ignore its developmental potential.

West African blood diamonds recognise no borders

Paix sans frontières: building peace across borders
Jan 2011
In West Africa, diamonds were valuable assets in the regional conflict system, funding Revolutionary United Front (RUF) rebels in Sierra Leone, and sustaining Charles Taylor’s grip on power in neighbouring Liberia. Alex Vines describes how regulating the ‘blood diamond’ trade through the Kimberley certification scheme has helped to de-link it from a regional war economy. The system is far from perfect, but the industry is in better shape than in the late 1990s.

Cross-border water cooperation and peacebuilding in the Middle East

Paix sans frontières: building peace across borders
Jan 2011
Annika Kramer states that scarce water resources have interacted with asymmetric power relations between Israel, Jordan and the occupied Palestinian territory. She suggests that water cooperation is not only essential for environmental and humanitarian reasons, but could contribute to peacebuilding and human security.

Why the Maghreb matters: threats, opportunities and options for cross-border cooperation in North Africa

Paix sans frontières: building peace across borders
Jan 2011
I William Zartman looks at trans-border conflict in the Maghreb, where the solution is obvious: regional cooperation among the neighbouring countries would increase the economic welfare of all of them significantly. Instead, there is endemic rivalry among them and specifically a dispute over the decolonised territory of Western (formerly Spanish) Sahara that blocks cooperation, keeps borders closed, and fuels costly competition in trade and arms. Underneath this situation lies the fact that the central state, Algeria feels no need for enhanced economic benefits because of its oil cushion.

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