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Powers of persuasion: Incentives, sanctions and conditionality in peacemaking

Feb 2008
Faced with the problem of how to respond to the challenges of intra-state armed conflict, international policymakers often turn to incentives, sanctions and conditionality in the hope that these tools can alter the conflict dynamics and influence the protagonists' behaviour. Drawing on case studies from around the world, Accord issue 19 suggests that while these instruments have in some cases helped tip the balance towards settlement, in many others they been ineffective, incoherent or subsumed into the dynamics of the conflict.

Introduction to the Sri Lanka case study

Powers of persuasion: Incentives, sanctions and conditionality in peacemaking
Feb 2008
Accord Incentives: Introduction to the Sri Lanka case study
This short article provides a brief introduction and background to the four articles on Sri Lanka that follow.

Choosing to engage: Armed groups and peace processes

May 2005
Accord Armed Groups: Cover image
Accord issue 16 explores the case for engagement with armed groups and the lessons learned from peacemaking practice. Highlighting both opportunities and challenges, it suggests that the range of engagement options and potential interveners makes a strong case for engagement.

Opcinoes de compromiso: Apercamientos con grupos armados en procesos de paz

May 2005
Eligiendo el compromiso: grupos armados y procesos de paz (Accord N°16, 2005) explora casos de compromiso con grupos armados y las lecciones aprendidas para las prácticas de construcción de paz.

Asymmetries in the peace process: The Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam

Choosing to engage: Armed groups and peace processes
May 2005
Accord Armed Groups: The Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam
LTTE advisor Rudrakumaran argues that the international climate in which negotiations take place is biased in favour of states. Anti-terrorist legislation has erected artificial power asymmetries, limiting the LTTE’s involvement in peace talks.

Engaging armed groups in peace processes - Sri Lanka primer

Jul 2004
This document is intended as a simple overview of Sri Lanka, produced for the Accord Programme workshop on ‘Engaging armed groups in peace processes’, London, July 2004.

Breaking recurring themes in the cycles of war and peace in Sri Lanka

Dec 1999
How can Sri Lanka and international actors move the country from entrenched conflict towards peace? Liz Philipson of Conciliation Resources investigates the options in this paper.

Demanding sacrifice: War and negotiation in Sri Lanka

Aug 1998

Accord 4, Demanding sacrifice: War and negotiation in Sri Lanka, outlines the cycles of violent conflict that have Sri Lanka since 1983. It analyses negotiations and other peace initiatives that took place between 1993 and 1998 and summarises basic concerns that must be confronted if a future peace settlement is to be achieved.

The publication features background articles and analysis on government peace strategies, constitutional reform, and popular Buddhist and Tamil aspirations.

Historical context: Accord Sri Lanka

Demanding sacrifice: War and negotiation in Sri Lanka
Aug 1998
Elizabeth Nissan explores the historical background of the Sri Lankan conflict from its pre-colonial roots to the beginning of the second Eelam in the 1990s.

Self-determination: A Ceylon Tamil perspective

Demanding sacrifice: War and negotiation in Sri Lanka
Aug 1998
Sachithanandam Sathananthan gives a Ceylon Tamil perspective on the conflict, arguing that the continued refusal by the Sinhalese-controlled government to concede national rights to Tamils is to blame for the continued violence.

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