Global

Engaging armed groups

Non-state armed groups are central figures in internal armed conflicts.  Their objectives and use of violence spark controversy about appropriate responses to their action, particularly in the context of the ‘war on terror’. Yet over the past two decades, armed groups have taken part in peace processes on every continent, resulting in many experiences of dialogue and peace negotiations.

Further reading: Accord Incentives

Powers of persuasion: Incentives, sanctions and conditionality in peacemaking
Feb 2008
Accord Incentives: Further reading

A further reading list to accompany the articles of Accord 19.

International involvement and incentives for peacemaking in northern Uganda

Powers of persuasion: Incentives, sanctions and conditionality in peacemaking
Feb 2008
Accord Incentives: Peacemaking in northern Uganda
Mareike Schomerus examines the motivations of the Ugandan government and the Lord's Resistance Army for engaging in the Juba talks and reflects on how the overpowering effects of international agendas on fragile negotiations could be addressed.

International support for peace: Too much to ask?

Powers of persuasion: Incentives, sanctions and conditionality in peacemaking
Feb 2008
Accord Incentives: International support for peace
Debates on how international conditionalities or incentives have supported or undermined peacebuilding in Sri Lanka fail to ask whether they have even been seriously tried. Brian Smith reviews the failure to implement the aid conditionalities of the 2003 Tokyo Conference.

Prejudice, asymmetry and insecurity

Powers of persuasion: Incentives, sanctions and conditionality in peacemaking
Feb 2008
Accord Incentives: Prejudice, asymmetry and insecurity
Suthaharan Nadarajah discusses the Sri Lankan peace process from 2002 and concludes that international action served to tilt the strategic balance in favour of the state rather than ensuring the parties addressed the underlying causes of conflict.

The limits of external influence

Powers of persuasion: Incentives, sanctions and conditionality in peacemaking
Feb 2008
Accord Incentives: The limits of external influence
Former government negotiator Harim Peiris reflects on three aspects of international involvement in Sri Lanka's peace process: the impact of terrorist designations on the LTTE, the use of aid as a lever, and the orchestration of international support.

Negotiations in a globalised world

Powers of persuasion: Incentives, sanctions and conditionality in peacemaking
Feb 2008
Accord Incentives: Negotiations in a globalised world
Arguing that the negotiations between the Sri Lankan government and the LTTE that began in 2002 must be understood less as a ‘peace process’ than as a part of the government’s strategic response to economic crisis, Sunil Bastian outlines the reason for their failure.

Introduction to the Sri Lanka case study

Powers of persuasion: Incentives, sanctions and conditionality in peacemaking
Feb 2008
Accord Incentives: Introduction to the Sri Lanka case study
This short article provides a brief introduction and background to the four articles on Sri Lanka that follow.

The Middle East Peace Process: The case for jaw-jaw not war-war

Powers of persuasion: Incentives, sanctions and conditionality in peacemaking
Feb 2008
Accord Incentives: The Middle East Peace Process
Michael Ancram reviews his experience in Northern Ireland and draws several lessons for the Middle East. He criticises the isolation of Hamas after they won Palestinian elections in 2006, and advocates exploratory dialogue as a way forward.

Aid as carrot, aid as stick: The politics of aid conditionality in the Palestinian Territories

Powers of persuasion: Incentives, sanctions and conditionality in peacemaking
Feb 2008
Accord Incentives: Aid as carrot, aid as stick
Rex Brynen reviews the different uses of aid as carrot and stick in the Palestinian territories from the 1990s to the present, arguing that that donor assistance and pressure cannot substitute for focused political engagement that addresses the key issues in dispute.

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